The uniqueness of fingerprints can generally be classified into two main categories. The first is the key global pattern of the fingerprints. The key global patterns include loops, whorls and arches. The other category is the Iocal pattern of the ridges, known as minutiae. These patterns include short ridge, ridge ending, bifurcation, dot and island.

X-bio Fingerprint Technology is an automated approach of fingerprint recognition using the minutiae approach. Almost all of the automatic fingerprint identification system (AFIS) in use by law enforcement agencies are minutiae based.

X-bio fingerprint algorithm originated from CSP was tested and proven in the International Fingerprint Verification Competition (FVC2000), which was organized by three renowned universities (San Jose State University, Michigan State University, and University of Bologna). CSP is the one and only participant to clinch top three positions in speed and accuracy.